SMAD3, a receptor regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) is a transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD3 is estimated to account for at least 80% of all TGF-beta-mediated response. Activated type I receptor phosphorylates receptor-activated SMADS (RSMADS) at their c-terminal two extreme serines in the SSXS motif. The phosphorylated R-SMAD translocate into nucleus, where they regulate transcription of target genes. SMAD3 signal transduction appears to be important in the rgulation of muscle-specific genes. Loss of SMAD3 is a feature of pediatric T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia, while upregulation of SMAD3 may be responsible for TGFB hyperresponsiveness observed in scleroderma.

Target	SMAD3 (pS213)
Reactivity	Human
Host	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
Tested Applications	WB, IHC
Recommended dilutions	Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Immunogen	KLH-conjugated synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding S213 of human SMAD3.
Purification	Purified by protein G affinity chromatography. Then, the antibody fraction was peptide affinity purified in a 2-step procedure with control and phosphorylated peptides. The phospho-specific antibody was eluted with high and low pH buffers and neutralized immediately, followed by dialysis against PBS.
Isotype	IgG
Conjugation	Unconjugated
Storage	Aliquot and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Swiss Prot	P84022
Buffer	PBS containing 0.09% sodium azide.
UNSPSC Code	12352203
Availability	Shipped within 5-10 working days.
Note	This product is for research use only.